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Seed soaking is a green-thumb trick used by many experienced gardeners. But why is it so efficient? Let’s take a closer look at seek soaking.
Why Should You Soak a Tomato Seed Before Planting It?
Seeds are designed by mother nature to withstand horrendous and sometimes unforgiving weather situations. There are three main reasons why it’s beneficial to soak your tomato seeds before planting them:
1. BREAKS DOWN NATURAL DEFENSES
Over time, a seed will build up natural defenses against harsh cold and hot temperatures and extremely dry or wet weather conditions. Sometimes, seeds even withstand acids within an animal’s or person’s digestive tract. Once excreted, it can still germinate and grow into a tomato plant.
Experienced gardeners soak seeds before planting to break down the strong exterior of a seed, allowing it to germinate much faster.
2. BREAKS DOWN GERMINATION INHIBITORS
Studies have proven that tomatoes have natural germination inhibitors that prevent them from sprouting while still within the fruit. These inhibitors are known as ABA (Abscisic Acid). For the seeds to start germinating, they must be removed from the fruit and placed within the optimal moisture content.
Even when a tomato falls from the tree and rots within the soil, it can take a very long time before germinating. Natural rainfall isn’t enough for the seed’s internal gauge to signal that it’s safe to grow. Soaking tomato seeds taken out of the tomato will speed up this process.
3. CREATES THE OPTIMAL MOISTURE CONTENT
A natural ability of a seed is to distinguish between harsh weather elements like raining and snowing. The seed’s internal gauge will be active once the optimal moisture level has been reached. A kind of signal that alerts the seed that it is safe to start sprouting.
When you soak a seed, the optimal moisture level increases and accelerates because the moisture content around the seed has been increased and stabilized; it also speeds up the sprouting process.
How Do I Soak Tomato Seeds Before Planting?
You’ll only need two ingredients: water and tomato seeds.
CONTAINER
Fill a small container or shallow plate/bowl with water. Seeds should be covered in water but not completely submerged. You can use a sealable plastic bag instead of a bowl or container. Add enough water to the bag, add seeds, and seal it airtight.
HOT TAP WATER
Don’t use boiling water, damaging the outer seed tissue and killing the seed. Hot water is a good choice as it doubles as a disinfectant and won’t damage the outer seed tissue.
After filling your container with hot tap water, add seeds and allow them to sit inside until the liquid has cooled down.
You can soak your tomato seeds in different water solution types to speed up germination. Some gardeners use weak coffee or tea solutions because they contain acidity that speeds up the process.
ACIDIC SOLUTIONS
Using acidic solutions that imitate stomach acids is another option. These solutions include a few tablespoons of weak tea, coffee, or regular kitchen vinegar. Briefly soaking seeds in these acidic solutions won’t kill the seed but rather activate it.
Because strong animal tract acidity can damage a seed, this method is only for those who know exactly what they are doing, especially regarding soaking time, acidic levels, and water-to-acidity ratios. Hot tap water is the safest and cheapest way to soak tomato seeds.
SCARIFYING
Scarifying is a process where the gardener makes small incisions on the seeds’ hard shells. This allows it to germinate much faster. You can also do scarification by gently tapping the seeds with a rubber hammer to crack them or rubbing it on sandpaper with a fine grain. Once the seed’s coat is damaged, a small opening will allow for faster moisture absorption.
This method isn’t essential since tomatoes take only 5-10 days to germinate. But worth a try if you want to speed up the process even more.
Can You Over Soak Tomato Seeds?
Yes, seeds can be oversoaked and then drown. Even though some seeds are built to survive long exposure to wetness and soaking, others aren’t. In the same way that too much water for a tomato plant will cause problems, you shouldn’t let the seed rest in the water for too long. Leaving it too long will drown or let it rot and never germinate.
How Long Should I Soak Tomato Seeds?
You shouldn’t soak tomato seeds for longer than 48 hours. It would be best to soak seeds at a minimum of 12 hours and a maximum of 24 hours, definitely no longer than 48. Many farmers and gardeners have stated that they’ve left their tomato seeds in water overnight, ready to be planted the next day.
Remember that tomato seeds aren’t as big and dense as other seeds like pumpkin or beans. Therefore, these seeds might need soaking a little bit longer.
It’s worth mentioning that seeds will only start germinating once they have been planted in healthy soil. Therefore, leaving them in water for too long will slow down the growing process and put them at risk of rotting and ultimately dying.
What Are the Benefits of Soaking Tomato Seeds Before Planting?
There are many different benefits to soaking tomato seeds before planting them. Benefits include:
- The time that goes by while waiting for germination will be reduced
- Tomatoes will start sprouting much faster
- Overall, plants will be much happier and stronger
- Softens the hull of the seed, assisting the sprout in breaking the seed’s tough exterior
- Disinfect and remove any harmful bacteria
- Strong seed shells will soften and swell, making it easier for the embryonic selves to emerge.
- It breaks down the seed’s natural defenses allowing for faster sprouting
- Creates the optimum moisture level for seeds to activate the internal gauge
- Activates internal gauge that signals growth spurt
What is an Alternative to Soaking Tomato Seeds?
An alternative to soaking your tomato seeds in warm tap water is to put them in a moistened paper towel. This is an alternative to soaking and the initial stages of germination. Here is a step-by-step guide: here
STEP 1
Place your tomato seeds on a dampened paper towel a few inches apart. Seeds shouldn’t be touching one another and evenly spread. The paper towel shouldn’t be drenched in water or soaked but rather moistened and damp.
STEP 2
Close the seeds with a paper towel by folding or rolling them up. Place the damp paper towel in a glass jar and close it. Condensation will create a warm environment for seeds to germinate much faster. Tomato seeds might sprout in at least 24 hours when using this method.
STEP 3
You must replant your little tomato sprouts into soil containers with adequate lighting and moisture – to ensure they continue growing strongly. Removing them too late will result in sprout roots growing into the paper towel, making them difficult to remove. Broken roots will damage the little seedling and might halt the growing process entirely.
What Shouldn’t I Do When Soaking Tomato Seeds?
Here are a few things to avoid when soaking your tomato seeds:
- Don’t leave seeds too long in water as they will drown or rot. Between 12 – 24 hours are enough, but never longer than 48 hours.
- Don’t use boiling water to soak your seeds in. A high temperature might result in seeds cooking and ultimately killing them.
- Don’t leave the water and seed-filled container in a cold room or, even worse, a refrigerator. Make sure it’s placed in a warm space to create optimal temperature.
- When scarifying, avoid completely crushing, bruising, or damaging the seeds.
- Please don’t wait too long after soaking your seeds to plant them in the soil. Once you’ve removed them from the water, you can immediately plant them in healthy soil or planters. Remember to keep your little seeds well-moistened after planting them to encourage further efficient growth.
Other seeds that can also benefit from presoaking are beetroot plants, basil, corn, chard, cucumber, squash, pumpkin, and peppers.
Now you have mastered soaking tomato seeds before germinating, why not check out the complete growing guide I wrote a little while ago? You can view that here.
Conclusion
Many gardeners are using this technique to speed up the germination process. Presoaking tomato seeds are one of the top secrets to healthy tomato plants. As long as you use the right temperature water and do not over-soak your seeds, you can speed up the germination process and witness sprouts growing out of your soil in no time.
I have never soaked my tomato seeds -But – This sounds like a plan -Looking foward to the results ! Thanks !! Kenny
You can also speed up the process by adding citric acid to the water